📙 Chapter 4: A Modern, Thriving Society
Who rebuilt the Houses of Parliament in the 19th century?
Correct answer: Barry and Pugin
A Wren and Adam
✓ Barry and Pugin
C Lutyens and Foster
D Rogers and Hadid
💡 Explanation
The Houses of Parliament were rebuilt by Sir Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin.
Key facts to remember
- Canterbury, York Minster, Durham — Gothic cathedrals
- St Paul's Cathedral — designed by Sir Christopher Wren
- Houses of Parliament — Gothic Revival by Barry and Pugin
- Robert Adam — neoclassical country houses
- Sir Edwin Lutyens — Cenotaph in Whitehall
- Modern architects: Foster, Rogers, Hadid; Gherkin and Shard
Why this is the answer
From the official Life in the UK study material — 4.5.4 Architecture:
The UK has many famous examples of architecture from different periods. Medieval cathedrals such as Canterbury, York Minster, and Durham are masterpieces of Gothic architecture. St Paul's Cathedral in London was designed by Sir Christopher Wren after the Great Fire of London in 1666. The Houses of Parliament (the Palace of Westminster) were rebuilt in the Gothic Revival style in the 19th century by Sir Charles Barry and Augustus Pugin.
Famous 18th-century architects include Robert Adam, who designed many country houses and public buildings in a neoclassical style. In the 20th century, Sir Edwin Lutyens designed the Cenotaph war memorial in Whitehall and many other buildings. Modern British architects include Lord (Norman) Foster, Lord (Richard) Rogers, and Dame Zaha Hadid (Iraqi-British). The Gherkin and the Shard are famous modern London buildings.
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