📕 Chapter 3: A Long and Illustrious History
3.1.6 The Norman Conquest 1066
3 paragraphs · 6 questions
In 1066, an invasion led by William, the Duke of Normandy (in what is now northern France), defeated the English king Harold II at the Battle of Hastings. Harold was killed during the battle — according to tradition, he was shot in the eye with an arrow. William became King of England and is known as William the Conqueror.
Key Facts
- William, Duke of Normandy, invaded in 1066
- Harold II was killed at the Battle of Hastings
- William became known as William the Conqueror
The Norman Conquest was the last successful foreign invasion of England. William introduced the feudal system, where the king owned all the land and granted it to his followers in return for military service. He also ordered the creation of the Domesday Book in 1086, a detailed survey of all the land and property in England.
Key Facts
- Last successful foreign invasion of England
- William introduced the feudal system
- Domesday Book created in 1086 — survey of land and property
The Normans built castles across England to control the population, including the Tower of London. They also built great cathedrals and churches. Norman French became the language of the court and the ruling class, while ordinary people continued to speak English. Over time, the two languages merged, greatly enriching the English vocabulary.
Key Facts
- Normans built castles including the Tower of London
- Norman French was the language of the ruling class
- English and French eventually merged, enriching English vocabulary
📝 学习笔记
- Battle of Hastings 发生于 1066 年。
- Normandy 公爵 William 于 1066 年入侵
- Harold II 在 Battle of Hastings 中被杀
- William 史称 William the Conqueror
- Harold II 是最后一位 Anglo-Saxon 国王，于 1066 年在 Battle of Hastings 中被杀。
- Normandy 公爵 William 于 1066 年入侵
- Harold II 在 Battle of Hastings 中被杀
- William 史称 William the Conqueror
- Domesday Book 由 William the Conqueror 于 1086 年下令编纂，是对英格兰所有土地和财产的详细调查。
- Normandy 公爵 William 于 1066 年入侵
- Harold II 在 Battle of Hastings 中被杀
- William 史称 William the Conqueror
- William 是 Normandy 公爵，该地现位于法国北部。
- Normandy 公爵 William 于 1066 年入侵
- Harold II 在 Battle of Hastings 中被杀
- William 史称 William the Conqueror
- Normans 建造了 Tower of London 以及英格兰各地许多其他城堡。
- Normandy 公爵 William 于 1066 年入侵
- Harold II 在 Battle of Hastings 中被杀
- William 史称 William the Conqueror
- William 引入了封建制度 (feudal system)，国王拥有所有土地，并将其赐予追随者以换取兵役。
- Normandy 公爵 William 于 1066 年入侵
- Harold II 在 Battle of Hastings 中被杀
- William 史称 William the Conqueror
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