📕 Chapter 3: A Long and Illustrious History

3.6.5 Northern Ireland and The Troubles

2 paragraphs ¡ 4 questions

Northern Ireland experienced a long period of conflict known as 'The Troubles', which lasted from the late 1960s to the late 1990s. The conflict was between unionists (mainly Protestant), who wanted Northern Ireland to remain part of the United Kingdom, and nationalists (mainly Catholic), who wanted Northern Ireland to become part of the Republic of Ireland.

Key Facts

  • The Troubles — late 1960s to late 1990s
  • Unionists (Protestant) wanted to stay in UK
  • Nationalists (Catholic) wanted to join Republic of Ireland
Northern Ireland and The Troubles (illustration 1)
Illustration: Northern Ireland and The Troubles

The Troubles involved violence from paramilitary groups on both sides, including the Irish Republican Army (IRA) and loyalist groups. Over 3,000 people were killed. The British Army was deployed to Northern Ireland in 1969. The Good Friday Agreement (also called the Belfast Agreement) was signed in 1998, bringing an end to most of the violence and establishing a power-sharing government in Northern Ireland.

Key Facts

  • IRA and loyalist paramilitary groups; over 3,000 killed
  • British Army deployed to Northern Ireland 1969
  • Good Friday Agreement 1998 ended most violence; power-sharing government
Northern Ireland and The Troubles (illustration 2)
Illustration: Northern Ireland and The Troubles

📝 āĻ…āĻ§ā§āϝāϝāĻŧāύ āύ⧋āϟ

  • The Troubles āĻ›āĻŋāϞ 1960-āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻļāϕ⧇āϰ āĻļ⧇āώ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 1990-āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻļāϕ⧇āϰ āĻļ⧇āώ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ Northern Ireland-āĻ āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āϘāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āϏāĻ‚āϘāĻžāϤ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāĻ•āĻžāϞāĨ¤
    • The Troubles — 1960-āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻļāϕ⧇āϰ āĻļ⧇āώ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 1990-āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻļāϕ⧇āϰ āĻļ⧇āώ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ
    • Unionists (āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟ) UK-āϤ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϤ⧇ āĻšā§‡āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ
    • Nationalists (āĻ•ā§āϝāĻžāĻĨāϞāĻŋāĻ•) Republic of Ireland-āĻ āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻĻāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻšā§‡āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ
  • The Good Friday Agreement 1998 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āώāϰāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ, āϝāĻž Northern Ireland-āĻāϰ āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋāϰāĻ­āĻžāĻ— āϏāĻšāĻŋāĻ‚āϏāϤāĻžāϰ āĻ…āĻŦāϏāĻžāύ āϘāϟāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
    • The Troubles — 1960-āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻļāϕ⧇āϰ āĻļ⧇āώ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 1990-āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻļāϕ⧇āϰ āĻļ⧇āώ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ
    • Unionists (āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟ) UK-āϤ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϤ⧇ āĻšā§‡āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ
    • Nationalists (āĻ•ā§āϝāĻžāĻĨāϞāĻŋāĻ•) Republic of Ireland-āĻ āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻĻāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻšā§‡āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ
  • Unionists āĻšā§‡āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ Northern Ireland United Kingdom-āĻāϰ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧁āĻ•āĨ¤
    • The Troubles — 1960-āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻļāϕ⧇āϰ āĻļ⧇āώ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 1990-āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻļāϕ⧇āϰ āĻļ⧇āώ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ
    • Unionists (āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟ) UK-āϤ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϤ⧇ āĻšā§‡āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ
    • Nationalists (āĻ•ā§āϝāĻžāĻĨāϞāĻŋāĻ•) Republic of Ireland-āĻ āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻĻāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻšā§‡āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ
  • The Troubles āϚāϞāĻžāĻ•āĻžāϞ⧀āύ 3,000-āĻāϰ āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋ āĻŽāĻžāύ⧁āώ āύāĻŋāĻšāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤
    • The Troubles — 1960-āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻļāϕ⧇āϰ āĻļ⧇āώ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ 1990-āĻāϰ āĻĻāĻļāϕ⧇āϰ āĻļ⧇āώ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ
    • Unionists (āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āĻŸā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟ) UK-āϤ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϤ⧇ āĻšā§‡āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ
    • Nationalists (āĻ•ā§āϝāĻžāĻĨāϞāĻŋāĻ•) Republic of Ireland-āĻ āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻĻāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻšā§‡āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞ

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