📕 Chapter 3: A Long and Illustrious History

3.4.7 The American colonies and independence

1 paragraphs ¡ 3 questions

By the mid-18th century, Britain had established 13 colonies along the east coast of North America. The colonists became increasingly unhappy with British rule, particularly the imposition of taxes without representation in Parliament ('no taxation without representation'). In 1776, the colonies declared independence, and after a war (the American War of Independence), Britain recognised American independence in 1783.

Key Facts

  • 13 British colonies in North America
  • 'No taxation without representation' — key grievance
  • Independence declared 1776; recognised by Britain 1783
The American colonies and independence
Illustration: The American colonies and independence

📝 āĻ…āĻ§ā§āϝāϝāĻŧāύ āύ⧋āϟ

  • āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāϝ⧋āĻ— āĻ›āĻŋāϞ 'no taxation without representation' — Parliament-āĻ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāύāĻŋāϧāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāχ āĻ•āϰ āφāϰ⧋āĻĒ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤
    • āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āφāĻŽā§‡āϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϝāĻŧ 13āϟāĻŋ āĻŦā§āϰāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻļ āωāĻĒāύāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻļ
    • 'No taxation without representation' — āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāϝ⧋āĻ—
    • 1776 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāϧ⧀āύāϤāĻž āĻ˜ā§‹āώāĻŖāĻž; 1783 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻŦā§āϰāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āύ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•ā§ƒāϤ
  • āφāĻŽā§‡āϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāύ āωāĻĒāύāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻļāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ 1776 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāϧ⧀āύāϤāĻž āĻ˜ā§‹āώāĻŖāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤
    • āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āφāĻŽā§‡āϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϝāĻŧ 13āϟāĻŋ āĻŦā§āϰāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻļ āωāĻĒāύāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻļ
    • 'No taxation without representation' — āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāϝ⧋āĻ—
    • 1776 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāϧ⧀āύāϤāĻž āĻ˜ā§‹āώāĻŖāĻž; 1783 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻŦā§āϰāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āύ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•ā§ƒāϤ
  • āĻŦā§āϰāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āύ 1783 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇ āφāĻŽā§‡āϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāϧ⧀āύāϤāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤
    • āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ āφāĻŽā§‡āϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϝāĻŧ 13āϟāĻŋ āĻŦā§āϰāĻŋāϟāĻŋāĻļ āωāĻĒāύāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻļ
    • 'No taxation without representation' — āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāϝ⧋āĻ—
    • 1776 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāϧ⧀āύāϤāĻž āĻ˜ā§‹āώāĻŖāĻž; 1783 āϏāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻŦā§āϰāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āύ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§€āĻ•ā§ƒāϤ

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